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1 simple
simple [sɛ̃pl]1. adjectivea. simple ; [nœud, cornet de glace] single• pour faire simple... (faire les choses simplement) to make things simple... ; (dire les choses simplement) to put it simply...b. ( = modeste) [personne] unpretentiousc. ( = de condition modeste) ce sont des gens simples they are simple folkd. ( = naïf) simplee. ( = ordinaire) [particulier, salarié] ordinary• vous obtiendrez le cadeau sur simple envoi de ce bon for your free gift, simply send us this voucher• vous obtiendrez des informations sur simple appel simply pick up the phone and you will get all the information you need2. masculine noun• les prix peuvent varier du simple au double prices can vary by as much as 100%• simple messieurs/dames men's/women's singles* * *sɛ̃pl
1.
1) ( facile)c'est (bien) simple, il ne fait plus rien — he simply doesn't do anything any more
2) ( sans prétention) [repas, cérémonie, mariage, vie, goûts] simple; [décoration, intérieur] plain; [vêtement] simple, plain; [personne, air] unaffected, unpretentious3) ( modeste) [origines] modest4) ( ordinaire) [fonctionnaire, travailleur] ordinarymême en hiver, il n'est vêtu que d'une simple chemise — even in winter he only ou just wears a shirt
ce ne sera qu'une simple formalité/vérification — it will be a mere formality/a simple check
réduire quelque chose à sa plus simple expression — to reduce something to a minimum, to pare something down to basics
5) ( peu intelligent) [personne] simple6) Chimie, Botanique simple7) Linguistique [passé, futur] simple8) ( non multiple) [cornet de glace, nœud] single
2.
nom masculin1) ( dans un calcul)2) Sportsimple dames/messieurs — ladies'/men's singles (pl)
* * *sɛ̃pl1. adj1) (pas compliqué) (personne, méthode, chose) simple2) (non multiple) single3) (avant le nom) (= ordinaire)2. nm1) TENNIS (= match)2)3. simples nmplMÉDECINE medicinal plants* * *A adj1 ( facile) [problème, question, situation, idée] simple, straightforward; [choix, moyen, façon, explication, calcul] simple; son raisonnement est très simple his/her reasoning is very simple; je veux des phrases simples mais correctes I want simple but correct sentences; la situation est loin d'être simple the situation is far from (being) simple ou straightforward; c'est (bien) simple, il ne fait plus rien he simply doesn't do anything any more; pourquoi faire simple quand on peut faire compliqué? iron why not make life even more difficult for yourself?;2 ( sans prétention) [repas, cérémonie, mariage, vie, goûts] simple; [décoration, intérieur] plain; [vêtement] simple, plain; [personne, air] unaffected, unpretentious; elle portait une jupe toute simple she was wearing a very simple ou plain skirt; elle est simple et naturelle she's unaffected and natural; il est resté très simple malgré son succès he's remained very unpretentious in spite of his success;4 ( ordinaire) [avertissement, remarque] mere; [fonctionnaire, travailleur] ordinary; c'est une simple question d'honneur/de bon sens it's simply ou purely a question of honourGB/of common sense; un simple tour de clé suffit just one turn of the key does it; il est simple garçon de café/employé du bureau he's just a waiter in a café/a clerk; il l'a mis KO d'un simple coup de poing he knocked him out with a single blow; même en hiver, il n'est vêtu que d'une simple chemise even in winter he only ou just wears a shirt; pour la simple raison que for the simple reason that; le simple fait de poser la question the mere fact of asking the question; par simple curiosité out of pure curiosity; sur simple présentation du passeport simply on presentation of one's passport; ce ne sera qu'une simple formalité/vérification it will be a mere formality/a simple check; réduire qch à sa plus simple expression to reduce sth to a minimum;5 ( peu intelligent) [personne] simple; il est gentil mais un peu simple he's nice but a bit simple;7 Ling [passé, futur] simple;8 ( non multiple) [cornet de glace, nœud] single.B nm1 ( dans un calcul) le prix varie du simple au double the price can turn out to be twice as high;simple d'esprit simple-minded; c'est un or il est simple d'esprit he's simple-minded; simple soldat private.[sɛ̃pl] adjectifc'est très simple à utiliser it's very easy ou simple to usec'est une simple question d'argent it's simply ou only a matter of moneypour la simple raison que... for the simple reason that...vous aurez une démonstration gratuite sur simple appel all you need do is (to) ou simply phone this number for a free demonstrationce n'est qu'une simple formalité it's merely a ou it's a mere formality————————[sɛ̃pl] nom masculin1. [ce qui est facile]2. [proportion]simple messieurs/dames men's/ladies' singles————————simples nom masculin plurielmedicinal herbs ou plantssimple d'esprit nom masculinsimple d'esprit locution adjectivale -
2 campesino
adj.peasant, rural, country.m.peasant, backwoodsman, farmer, chuff.* * *► adjetivo1 country, rural► nombre masculino,nombre femenino* * *(f. - campesina)nounpeasant, farmer* * *campesino, -a1.ADJ [población] rural; [familia, revuelta] peasant antes de ssiempre ocultó su origen campesino — she always concealed her rustic o peasant origins
la vida campesina — country life, rural life
2. SM / F1) (=persona del campo) country person2) (=labrador) farmer; (=labrador pobre) peasant3) And (=indio) Indian* * *I- na adjetivo <vida/costumbre> rural, country (before n); <modales/aspecto> peasant-likeII- na masculino, femenino ( persona del campo) country person; ( con connotaciones de pobreza) peasantson campesinos — they are country people o folk
* * *= peasant, clodhopper, villager, rustic.Nota: Nombre.Ex. This article discusses the pre-revolutionary shortage of books on agriculture economy in 1913, and how existing books only discussed the miserable, hopeless life of the peasants.Ex. He said that a concerted program of weeding would ensure that the library will have 'no books which will interest persons with an intellectual range above that of clodhoppers and market gardeners'.Ex. Most importantly, the villagers are responsible for the day to day operation and the upkeep of the units.Ex. These reflections coincide with considerations from previous studies about the education of rustics in their rural schools.----* campesinos = peasantry.* * *I- na adjetivo <vida/costumbre> rural, country (before n); <modales/aspecto> peasant-likeII- na masculino, femenino ( persona del campo) country person; ( con connotaciones de pobreza) peasantson campesinos — they are country people o folk
* * *= peasant, clodhopper, villager, rustic.Nota: Nombre.Ex: This article discusses the pre-revolutionary shortage of books on agriculture economy in 1913, and how existing books only discussed the miserable, hopeless life of the peasants.
Ex: He said that a concerted program of weeding would ensure that the library will have 'no books which will interest persons with an intellectual range above that of clodhoppers and market gardeners'.Ex: Most importantly, the villagers are responsible for the day to day operation and the upkeep of the units.Ex: These reflections coincide with considerations from previous studies about the education of rustics in their rural schools.* campesinos = peasantry.* * *‹vida/costumbre› rural, country ( before n); ‹modales/aspecto› peasant-likemasculine, feminine(persona del campo) country person; (con connotaciones de pobreza) peasanttres campesinas vestidas de negro three peasant women dressed in blackson campesinos, gente muy sencilla they are simple, country people o folkun campesino me indicó el camino one of the locals o someone from the village showed me the waylos obreros y los campesinos the manual workers and the agricultural workers* * *
campesino
‹modales/aspecto› peasant-like
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino ( persona del campo) country person;
( con connotaciones de pobreza) peasant;◊ son campesinos they are country people o folk;
los obreros y los campesinos the manual workers and the agricultural workers
campesino,-a
I sustantivo masculino y femenino peasant
(hombre) countryman
(mujer) countrywoman
II adjetivo rural, peasant-like
' campesino' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
campesina
- paisana
- paisano
- villana
- villano
- horqueta
- huaso
English:
countryman
- peasant
- redneck
* * *campesino, -a♦ adj[del campo] rural, country; [en el pasado, en países pobres] peasant;las labores campesinas farmwork♦ nm,f[persona del campo] country person; [en el pasado, en países pobres] peasant* * *I adj peasant atrII m, campesina f peasant* * *campesino, -na n: peasant, farm laborer* * *2. (que trabaja en el campo) farm worker3. (en la historia) peasant -
3 Psychology
We come therefore now to that knowledge whereunto the ancient oracle directeth us, which is the knowledge of ourselves; which deserveth the more accurate handling, by how much it toucheth us more nearly. This knowledge, as it is the end and term of natural philosophy in the intention of man, so notwithstanding it is but a portion of natural philosophy in the continent of nature.... [W]e proceed to human philosophy or Humanity, which hath two parts: the one considereth man segregate, or distributively; the other congregate, or in society. So as Human philosophy is either Simple and Particular, or Conjugate and Civil. Humanity Particular consisteth of the same parts whereof man consisteth; that is, of knowledges which respect the Body, and of knowledges that respect the Mind... how the one discloseth the other and how the one worketh upon the other... [:] the one is honored with the inquiry of Aristotle, and the other of Hippocrates. (Bacon, 1878, pp. 236-237)The claims of Psychology to rank as a distinct science are... not smaller but greater than those of any other science. If its phenomena are contemplated objectively, merely as nervo-muscular adjustments by which the higher organisms from moment to moment adapt their actions to environing co-existences and sequences, its degree of specialty, even then, entitles it to a separate place. The moment the element of feeling, or consciousness, is used to interpret nervo-muscular adjustments as thus exhibited in the living beings around, objective Psychology acquires an additional, and quite exceptional, distinction. (Spencer, 1896, p. 141)Kant once declared that psychology was incapable of ever raising itself to the rank of an exact natural science. The reasons that he gives... have often been repeated in later times. In the first place, Kant says, psychology cannot become an exact science because mathematics is inapplicable to the phenomena of the internal sense; the pure internal perception, in which mental phenomena must be constructed,-time,-has but one dimension. In the second place, however, it cannot even become an experimental science, because in it the manifold of internal observation cannot be arbitrarily varied,-still less, another thinking subject be submitted to one's experiments, comformably to the end in view; moreover, the very fact of observation means alteration of the observed object. (Wundt, 1904, p. 6)It is [Gustav] Fechner's service to have found and followed the true way; to have shown us how a "mathematical psychology" may, within certain limits, be realized in practice.... He was the first to show how Herbart's idea of an "exact psychology" might be turned to practical account. (Wundt, 1904, pp. 6-7)"Mind," "intellect," "reason," "understanding," etc. are concepts... that existed before the advent of any scientific psychology. The fact that the naive consciousness always and everywhere points to internal experience as a special source of knowledge, may, therefore, be accepted for the moment as sufficient testimony to the rights of psychology as science.... "Mind," will accordingly be the subject, to which we attribute all the separate facts of internal observation as predicates. The subject itself is determined p. 17) wholly and exclusively by its predicates. (Wundt, 1904,The study of animal psychology may be approached from two different points of view. We may set out from the notion of a kind of comparative physiology of mind, a universal history of the development of mental life in the organic world. Or we may make human psychology the principal object of investigation. Then, the expressions of mental life in animals will be taken into account only so far as they throw light upon the evolution of consciousness in man.... Human psychology... may confine itself altogether to man, and generally has done so to far too great an extent. There are plenty of psychological text-books from which you would hardly gather that there was any other conscious life than the human. (Wundt, 1907, pp. 340-341)The Behaviorist began his own formulation of the problem of psychology by sweeping aside all medieval conceptions. He dropped from his scientific vocabulary all subjective terms such as sensation, perception, image, desire, purpose, and even thinking and emotion as they were subjectively defined. (Watson, 1930, pp. 5-6)According to the medieval classification of the sciences, psychology is merely a chapter of special physics, although the most important chapter; for man is a microcosm; he is the central figure of the universe. (deWulf, 1956, p. 125)At the beginning of this century the prevailing thesis in psychology was Associationism.... Behavior proceeded by the stream of associations: each association produced its successors, and acquired new attachments with the sensations arriving from the environment.In the first decade of the century a reaction developed to this doctrine through the work of the Wurzburg school. Rejecting the notion of a completely self-determining stream of associations, it introduced the task ( Aufgabe) as a necessary factor in describing the process of thinking. The task gave direction to thought. A noteworthy innovation of the Wurzburg school was the use of systematic introspection to shed light on the thinking process and the contents of consciousness. The result was a blend of mechanics and phenomenalism, which gave rise in turn to two divergent antitheses, Behaviorism and the Gestalt movement. The behavioristic reaction insisted that introspection was a highly unstable, subjective procedure.... Behaviorism reformulated the task of psychology as one of explaining the response of organisms as a function of the stimuli impinging upon them and measuring both objectively. However, Behaviorism accepted, and indeed reinforced, the mechanistic assumption that the connections between stimulus and response were formed and maintained as simple, determinate functions of the environment.The Gestalt reaction took an opposite turn. It rejected the mechanistic nature of the associationist doctrine but maintained the value of phenomenal observation. In many ways it continued the Wurzburg school's insistence that thinking was more than association-thinking has direction given to it by the task or by the set of the subject. Gestalt psychology elaborated this doctrine in genuinely new ways in terms of holistic principles of organization.Today psychology lives in a state of relatively stable tension between the poles of Behaviorism and Gestalt psychology.... (Newell & Simon, 1963, pp. 279-280)As I examine the fate of our oppositions, looking at those already in existence as guide to how they fare and shape the course of science, it seems to me that clarity is never achieved. Matters simply become muddier and muddier as we go down through time. Thus, far from providing the rungs of a ladder by which psychology gradually climbs to clarity, this form of conceptual structure leads rather to an ever increasing pile of issues, which we weary of or become diverted from, but never really settle. (Newell, 1973b, pp. 288-289)The subject matter of psychology is as old as reflection. Its broad practical aims are as dated as human societies. Human beings, in any period, have not been indifferent to the validity of their knowledge, unconcerned with the causes of their behavior or that of their prey and predators. Our distant ancestors, no less than we, wrestled with the problems of social organization, child rearing, competition, authority, individual differences, personal safety. Solving these problems required insights-no matter how untutored-into the psychological dimensions of life. Thus, if we are to follow the convention of treating psychology as a young discipline, we must have in mind something other than its subject matter. We must mean that it is young in the sense that physics was young at the time of Archimedes or in the sense that geometry was "founded" by Euclid and "fathered" by Thales. Sailing vessels were launched long before Archimedes discovered the laws of bouyancy [ sic], and pillars of identical circumference were constructed before anyone knew that C IID. We do not consider the ship builders and stone cutters of antiquity physicists and geometers. Nor were the ancient cave dwellers psychologists merely because they rewarded the good conduct of their children. The archives of folk wisdom contain a remarkable collection of achievements, but craft-no matter how perfected-is not science, nor is a litany of successful accidents a discipline. If psychology is young, it is young as a scientific discipline but it is far from clear that psychology has attained this status. (Robinson, 1986, p. 12)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Psychology
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4 Х-6
МОЙ (твоя ит. п.) ХАТА С КРАЮ coll, usu. disapprov (sent these forms only rarely used in refer, to the 1st person-variants with моя and наша usu. refer, to the interlocutors) or a third party fixed WO(said, usu. disapprov ingly, to or about s.o. who refuses to be involved in some matter that requires courage, determination, selflessness) it does not concern me (you etc): Х-ова хата с краю - it's no concern (business) of X'sit has nothing to do with X it's not X's affair Ws none of X's business (concern).«Меня в деревне Иван Акимычем кликали. Калачёв фамилий ( ungrammat - фамилия)...» Пожалуй, Влад и до этого знал: такими калачёвыми земля держится, но только теперь... при всем уважении к ним - этим калачёвым, - с горечью усвоил, что ими же держится и всякая на земле неправда. Мы люди маленькие. Наша хата с краю. До Бога высоко, до царя далеко... Вот набор их нехитрых истин, под которые они тянут своё ярмо через всю жизнь... (Максимов 2). "Back home they call me Ivan Akimych. Kalachev's my last name...." Vlad already knew that it was Kalachev and his kind who keep the globe turning, but only now, with all due respect to the Kalachevs of this world, has he come to the sad realization that it is they who also enable all forms of injustice to flourish. We're only small folk. It's no concern of ours. God's too high to help us, the tsar's too far away....This is the sum total of the simple-minded truths with the aid of which they drag their yoke through life... (2a)....Скорее всего, это было проявлением особого советского этикета, который твердо соблюдался нашим народом в течение многих десятилетий: раз начальство ссылает, значит - так и надо, а моя хата с краю... (Мандельштам 1). Most probably it was a case of the peculiar Soviet etiquette that has been carefully observed for several decades now: if the authorities are sending someone into exile, all well and good, it's none of our business (1a).Abbreviated version of the saying «Моя хата с краю, (я) ничего не знаю» ("My hut is set apart, and I don't know anything"). -
5 моя хата с краю
[sent; these forms only; rarely used in refer, to the 1st person-variants with моя and наша usu. refer, to the interlocutors) or a third party; fixed WO]=====⇒ (said, usu. disapprovingly, to or about s.o. who refuses to be involved in some matter that requires courage, determination, selflessness) it does not concern me (you etc):- it's none of X's business (concern).♦ "Меня в деревне Иван Акимычем кликали. Калачёв фамилиё [ungrammat = фамилия]..." Пожалуй, Влад и до этого знал: такими калачёвыми земля держится, но только теперь... при всем уважении к ним - этим калачёвым, - с горечью усвоил, что ими же держится и всякая на земле неправда. Мы люди маленькие. Наша хата с краю. До Бога высоко, до царя далеко... Вот набор их нехитрых истин, под которые они тянут своё ярмо через всю жизнь... (Максимов 2). "Back home they call me Ivan Akimych. Kalachev's my last name...." Vlad already knew that it was Kalachev and his kind who keep the globe turning, but only now, with all due respect to the Kalachevs of this world, has he come to the sad realization that it is they who also enable all forms of injustice to flourish. We're only small folk. It's no concern of ours. God's too high to help us, the tsar's too far away....This is the sum total of the simple-minded truths with the aid of which they drag their yoke through life... (2a).♦...Скорее всего, это было проявлением особого советского этикета, который твердо соблюдался нашим народом в течение многих десятилетий: раз начальство ссылает, значит - так и надо, а моя хата с краю... (Мандельштам 1). Most probably it was a case of the peculiar Soviet etiquette that has been carefully observed for several decades now: if the authorities are sending someone into exile, all well and good, it's none of our business (1a).—————← Abbreviated version of the saying "Моя хата с краю, (я) ничего не знаю" ("My hut is set apart, and I don't know anything").Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > моя хата с краю
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